Choosing between less-than-truckload (LTL) and full truckload (TL) shipping is one of the most important decisions in freight logistics. The right choice can save thousands of dollars while maintaining service quality.

LTL shipping involves multiple customers sharing space on a single trailer. Each shipper pays only for the space they use, measured in linear feet or weight. This makes LTL extremely cost-effective for smaller shipments that do not require a full trailer.

As a general rule, shipments under 10,000 pounds are often more economical via LTL. A full truckload can carry up to 45,000 pounds, so a 5,000-pound shipment would leave more than 80% of the trailer empty. Paying for that unused capacity makes no financial sense.

However, LTL does have trade-offs. Transit times are typically longer because freight must be consolidated at terminals and may transfer between multiple trucks before reaching its destination. Each handling point introduces a small risk of damage or delay. For time-sensitive freight or fragile goods, these factors may justify the higher cost of dedicated TL service.

Freight class also affects LTL economics. The National Motor Freight Classification system assigns classes based on density, handling, stowability, and liability. High-class freight (low density or difficult handling) costs more per pound, sometimes making TL competitive even for smaller shipments.

Many shippers use hybrid strategies, combining LTL and TL based on each shipment’s characteristics. Regular small shipments to the same destination might be consolidated and shipped TL on a scheduled basis. Urgent shipments might use TL for speed, while routine freight uses cost-effective LTL.

At DJ Freight, we help customers navigate these decisions. Our team analyzes each shipment’s weight, dimensions, destination, and timeline to recommend the most cost-effective method. Sometimes the best solution is neither pure LTL nor TL but a customized approach that matches your specific needs.